ASAM OpenX standards improve interoperability and efficiency for the Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation and testing of automated driving systems. OpenX standards, such as ASAM OpenDRIVE, ASAM OpenCRG, ASAM OpenSCENARIO, and ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI (Open Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation Interface), are instrumental for scenario-based testing. This article will discuss how leading automotive organizations adopt these standards for simulating virtual worlds, recreating scenarios from real-world data, and validating Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS ECUs.
 

What is scenario-based testing? How does ASAM support it?

Scenario-based testing involves creating specific situations or scenarios that one might encounter while operating advanced driver assistance systems (Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS)/autonomous driving (AD) systems. ASAM standards play an important role in scenario-based testing by facilitating interoperability, data exchange, and toolchain integration. ASAM OpenDRIVE and ASAM OpenCRG are used to describe and exchange road networks between simulators. ASAM OpenDRIVE is used to describe elements of a scene such as roads, lanes, junctions, traffic signs, etc. ASAM OpenCRG helps in describing road surfaces that are used for testing vehicle dynamics. Scenarios involve dynamic elements, such as the ego vehicle (the vehicle equipped with Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS/AD systems) and other traffic participants moving within the scene. ASAM OpenSCENARIO is used as a Is a description about how information is encoded and structured and given a specific syntax for storage in a computer file.File Format to describe the dynamic content of the driving and traffic simulators. ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI provides compatibility between automated driving functions and driving Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation frameworks.

MathWorks supports ASAM standards in its software for automated driving, including RoadRunner and Automated Driving Toolbox. This support has helped its customers address specific challenges in the development, testing, and The process of determining that a system performs and meets the needs for identified end users.Validation of Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS/AD technologies. Each section below represents an example project where ASAM standards were a critical part of the workflow.
 

Virtual world generation for BMW driving simulation

BMW’s advanced driving Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation center, featuring 14 distinct simulators, is at the forefront of
testing and validating new vehicle functionalities, with a particular focus on Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS and UI/UX
concepts. The center creates large, accurate road networks for Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation studios, using software
tools such as Spider, Unreal Engine, and RoadRunner. ASAM standards, such as ASAM OpenDRIVE
and ASAM OpenCRG, are used to provide consistency, accuracy, and interoperability across
different Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation setups.

One challenge BMW faced was to ensure that the 3D models of roads and environments accurately
matched the logical descriptions provided by its Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation software, Spider. By leveraging ASAM
OpenDRIVE, BMW could ensure a seamless match between the 3D visual content and the logical
road network data. BMW used RoadRunner to import ASAM OpenDRIVE files and then generate
corresponding 3D models for a consistent and accurate representation of virtual environments.

Another challenge for BMW was to accurately recreate various road surfaces for use
in simulating and testing vehicle dynamics with high precision. ASAM OpenCRG, an open
tshtuaarnfta ddcaersdc i rnib deest aroila, den abled BMW to simulate real and synthetic road conditions with accuracy. BMW
used RoadRunner to edit ASAM OpenCRG files and adjust road surfaces in its scenarios. By using
ASAM standards, such as ASAM OpenDRIVE and ASAM OpenCRG, BMW ensured consistency
between Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation logic and 3D visualization, preventing discrepancies in virtual environment.
BMW has presented this work at the MathWorks Automotive Conference in Germany, and more
details can be found here: Virtual World Generation for BMW Driving Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation

Harvesting driving scenarios from recorded sensor data

Aptiv wanted to perform regression testing of its AD/Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS algorithms by harvesting driving
scenarios from recorded sensor data. Data from GPS, IMU, camera, radar, and lidar sensors were
fused to accurately reconstruct driving scenarios such as lane changes, vehicle cut-ins, and more.
This involved steps such as ego and non-ego vehicle trajectory reconstruction, scenario generation,
and The process of determining that a system performs and meets the needs for identified end users.Validation.

One challenge Aptiv faced was to export these scenarios for use in other simulators and ensure the
behavior remains the same. Aptiv used RoadRunner to export scenarios to the ASAM
OpenSCENARIO Extensible Markup Language (W3C Standard)XML format and test them in the esmini tool. The ASAM OpenSCENARIO A public specification, which has been developed by experts in a defined consensus-driven development process and was released by officials that represent a significant share of the industry for which it is targeted, giving the specification the necessary legitimacy to be called a 'Standard'.Standard
played a crucial role in ensuring the generated scenarios could be exported and run across various
Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation tools for AD/Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS software testing. Aptiv has presented this work at the 2023
MathWorks Automotive Conference in Novi, Michigan. 

Leveraging ASAM OSI for ADAS ECU validation

Aptiv wanted to efficiently validate and test its Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS/AD systems without the extensive need for
real-world road tests. Its approach was to create a virtual Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation environment that replicates
real-world conditions, which is then used to simulate and test vehicle dynamics, controls, and sensor
accuracy. Creating the virtual environment involved extracting and processing various objects, such
as moving and stationary objects, traffic signs, and environmental information, and transforming
these from world coordinates to sensor coordinates for detailed analysis.
ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI plays a crucial role in Aptiv’s Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation ecosystem by serving as a standardized
middleware that facilitates the exchange of information between environmental simulators and its
sensor and logic models. This A public specification, which has been developed by experts in a defined consensus-driven development process and was released by officials that represent a significant share of the industry for which it is targeted, giving the specification the necessary legitimacy to be called a 'Standard'.Standard helps in improving interoperability between automated
driving functions and driving Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation frameworks.

RoadRunner was used for creating Aptiv’s virtual Is the process of imitation of the behavior of a modeled real-world system over time.Simulation environments. RoadRunner Scenario
along with MATLAB were used to simulate and export ground truth sensor data into the ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI
Is a description about how information is encoded and structured and given a specific syntax for storage in a computer file.File Format. These files were used to validate Aptiv’s sensor and logic models. ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI ensured
integration and interoperability between different environmental simulators and models without
requiring changes to the interface. Aptiv’s work on the ASAM 1) Open Simulation Interface (ASAM Standard); 2) Open Systems InterconnectionOSI using RoadRunner for Advanced Driver-Assistance SystemsADAS ECU
The process of determining that a system performs and meets the needs for identified end users.Validation was presented at the MathWorks Automotive Conference held in Chennai, India in 2023.